Shopping on line can be easy, simple and save you lots of money. It can also take a lot of your time, frustrate you, and result in unwanted purchases. Now the same can be said for regular high street shopping, but with the vast opportunity presented by the Internet it will pay you to spend a few minutes reading this and understanding how to better optimize your January 1 shopping experience:

1. Compare - without doubt the biggest advantage that the January 1 offers shoppers today is the ability to compare thousands of January 1 at a time. This is a great thing, but not necessarily all the time! Too much can be daunting at times so take advantage of the great comparison sites and where possible let them do the hard work for you.

2. Research - if it has been said it will be on the internet. Ignorance is no longer a justifiable reason for buying the wrong thing. Take the time to research in detail everything that you could possible want to know about

3. Testimonials - don't know anybody that has bought a January 1? Wrong! If the January 1 is good the internet will let you know. Use the Internet as a friend and get testimonials before you buy.

4. Questions - Got a question about January 1 then search the Forums, FAQ's, Blogs etc. Don't be afraid to ask .....

5. Reputation - Never heard of the company selling January 1? Don't worry, no reason why you should know every company in the world, but you know someone that does! Use the internet to find out what people are saying about January 1 and build up a picture of their reputation for sales, returns, customer service, delivery etc.

6. Returns - still worried that even after all of the above your January 1 wont be what you want? Check out the returns policy. There is so much competition now that someone, somewhere is bound to offer the terms that you are comfortable with.

7. Feedback - happy with your January 1 then let people know, after all you are depending on others people input in your buying decision, so why not give a little back.

8. Security - check for the yellow padlock on the January 1 site before you buy, and the s after http:/ /i.e. https:// = a secure site

9. Contact - got a question about January 1, or want to leave a comment then check out the sites contact page. Reputable companies have them and respond.

10. Payment - ready to pay for your January 1, then use your credit card or PayPal! Be aware of companies that don't accept them, there may be genuine reasons but given the huge amount of choice you have when buying online there is no reason at all not to buy via credit card or PayPal.

{| style="float:right;"|-||-||} The preceding day is December 31 of the previous year.

January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian calendar and Gregorian calendar calendars. Here a calendar year refers to the order in which the months are displayed, January to December. The first day of the medieval Julian year was usually a day other than January 1. This day was adopted as the first day of the Julian year (calendar) by some European countries between 1522 and 1579 (that is, before the creation of the Gregorian calendar in 1582). See Gregorian calendar#Beginning of the year. The British Empire (including its United states) did not adopt the Gregorian calendar until 1752. This change can lead to dating confusion between Old Style and New Style dates. The Gregorian calendar as promulgated in 1582 did not specify that January 1 was to be either New Year's Day or the first day of its numbered year. Although England began its numbered year on March 25 (Lady Day) between the thirteenth century and 1752, January 1 was called New Year's Day, which was a holiday when gifts were exchanged.

Events

• 153 BC - Consul begin their year in office.
• 45 BC - The Julian calendar first takes effect.
• 404 - The last known gladiator competition in Rome takes place.
• 630 - Muhammad sets out toward Mecca with the army that will capture it bloodlessly.
• 990 - Kievan Rus' adopts the Julian calendar.
• 1259 - Michael VIII Palaiologos is proclaimed co-emperor of the Empire of Nicaea with his ward John IV Laskaris.
• 1438 - Albert II of Germany is crowned King of Hungary.
• 1515 - Francis I of France of France succeeds to the French throne.
• 1527 - Croatian nobles elect Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor of Austria as king of Croatia in the Parliament on Cetin.
• 1600 - Scotland begins using the Julian calendar.
• 1651 - Charles II of England is crowned King of Scotland.
• 1660 - Samuel Pepys starts his diary.
• 1673 - Regular mail delivery begins between New York City and Boston, Massachusetts.
• 1700 - Russia begins using the Julian calendar.
• 1707 - John V of Portugal is crowned King of Portugal.
• 1739 - Bouvet Island is discovered by France explorer Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier.
• 1772 - The first Traveler's cheques, which can be used in 90 European cities, go on sale in London for the first time.
• 1781 - 1,500 soldiers of the 6th Pennsylvania Regiment under General Anthony Wayne's command rebelled against the Continental Army's winter camp in Morristown, New Jersey as part of the Pennsylvania (Continentals; Regiment) Mutiny of 1781.
• 1788 - First edition of The Times of London, previously The Daily Universal Register, is published.
• 1797 - Albany, New York replaces Kingston, New York as the capital of New York State.
• 1800 - The Dutch East India Company ceases to exist.
• 1801 - The legislative union of Kingdom of Great Britain and Kingdom of Ireland is completed to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
• 1801 - Dwarf planet Ceres (dwarf planet) is discovered by Giuseppe Piazzi.
• 1803 - Gia Long orders all bronze wares of the Tây Sơn Dynasty to be collected and melted into nine cannons for the Royal Citadel in Huế, Vietnam
• 1804 - France rule ends in Haiti. Haiti becomes the first black republic and first country independent in the Caribbean.
• 1806 - The French Republican Calendar is abolished.
• 1808 - The importation of Slaverys into the United States is banned.
• 1818 - Mary Shelley's novel Frankenstein is published.
• 1833 - United Kingdom claims sovereignty over the Falkland Islands.
• 1845 - The Cobble Hill Tunnel, in Brooklyn, was finished.
• 1861 - Porfirio Díaz conquers Mexico City.
• 1863 - American Civil War: The Emancipation Proclamation takes effect in Confederate States of America territory.
• 1863 - The first claim under the Homestead Act is made by Daniel Freeman for a farm in Nebraska.
• 1870 - First edition of The Northern Echo newspaper is published.
• 1876 - The Reichsbank opens in Berlin.
• 1877 - Victoria of the United Kingdom of Britain is proclaimed Empress of India.
• 1880 - Ferdinand de Lesseps begins France construction of the Panama Canal.
• 1887 - Victoria of the United Kingdom is proclaimed empress of India in Delhi.
• 1890 - The first Tournament of Roses Parade is held in Pasadena, California.
• 1890 - First use of Football (soccer) goal nets in England.
• 1890 - Eritrea consolidates into a colony by the Italy government.
• 1892 - Ellis Island opens to begin accepting immigrants to the United States.
• 1893 - Japan begins using the Gregorian calendar.
• 1894 - The Manchester Ship Canal, England, is officially opened to traffic.
• 1898 - New York City annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the City of Greater New York. The four initial boroughs, Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, and The Bronx, are joined on January 25 by Staten Island to create the modern city of five boroughs.
• 1899 - Spain rule ends in Cuba.
• 1901 - the France national rugby union team play their first Test against the New Zealand All Blacks.
• 1901 - Nigeria becomes a United Kingdom protectorate.
• 1901 - The British colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria (Australia), South Australia, Tasmania and Western Australia Australian Federation as the Australia; Edmund Barton is appointed the first Prime Minister of Australia.
• 1901 - The first official Mummers Parade is held.
• 1902 - The first Rose Bowl Game game is played in Pasadena, California, with the University of Michigan beating Stanford University by a score of 49-0.
• 1906 - British Raj officially adopts the Indian Standard Time
• 1908 - For the first time, a Times Square Ball is dropped in New York City's Times Square to signify the start of the New Year at midnight.
• 1909 - Drilling began on the Lakeview Gusher.
• 1910 - Captain David Beatty, 1st Earl Beatty was promoted to Rear admiral, and became the youngest admiral in the Royal Navy, except for British Royal Family members, since Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson.
• 1911 - Northern Territory is separated from South Australia and transferred to Commonwealth control.
• 1912 - The Republic of China is established.
• 1916 - Germany troops abandon Yaoundé and their Cameroon colony to Great Britain forces and begin the long march to Spanish Guinea.
• 1919 - Edsel Ford succeeded his father, Henry Ford, as president of the Ford Motor Company.
• 1920 - The Belorussian Communist Organisation is founded as a separate party.
• 1923 - Britains Railways are grouped into the List of railway companies involved in the 1923 grouping#The Big Four, London and North Eastern Railway, Great Western Railway, Southern Railway (Great Britain), London, Midland and Scottish Railway.
• 1925 - The United States astronomer Edwin Hubble announces the discovery of galaxies outside the Milky Way.
• 1927 - Turkey adopts the Gregorian calendar: December 18, 1926 (Julian calendar), is immediately followed by January 1, 1927 (Gregorian).
• 1934 - Alcatraz Island becomes a United States federal prison.
• 1934 - Nazi Germany passes the "Compulsory sterilization#Germany".
• 1935 - Bucknell University wins the first Orange Bowl (game) 26–0 over the University of Miami.
• 1937 - The first Cotton Bowl (game) game is played in Dallas, Texas. Texas Christian University defeats Marquette University 16–6.
• 1937 - Safety glass in windshields became mandatory in Great Britain.
• 1939 - The first Vienna New Year's Concert is held.
• 1939 - William Reddington Hewlett and David Packard found Hewlett-Packard.
• 1939 - Sydney, Australia swelters in 45˚C (113˚F) heat, a record for the city.
• 1942 - The Declaration by United Nations is signed by twenty-six nations.
• 1942 - The U.S. Office of Production Management prohibited sales of new cars and trucks to civilians.
• 1945 - In retaliation of the Malmedy massacre, U.S. troops massacre 30 SS prisoners at Chenogne massacre.
• 1946 - The first civil flight from Heathrow Airport occurs.
• 1947 - The United States and United Kingdom occupation zones in Germany, after the World War II, merge to form the Bizone, that later became the Federal Republic of Germany.
• 1948 - United Kingdom railways are Nationalisation to form British Rail.
• 1948 - After partition, India declines to pay the agreed share of Rs.550 million in cash balances to Pakistan.
• 1948 - The Constitution of Italy comes into force.
• 1949 - The British Nationality Act 1948 comes into force.
• 1949 - United Nation cease-fire orders to operate in Kashmir from one minute before midnight. War between India and Pakistan stops accordingly.
• 1950 - The state of Ajaigarh acceded to the Government of India.
• 1956 - The Sudan achieves independence from the Egypt and the United Kingdom.
• 1957 - George Town, Penang became a city by a royal charter granted by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II.
• 1958 - The European Community is established.
• 1959 - Cultivars of plants named after this date must be named in a modern language, not in Latin.
• 1959 - Fulgencio Batista, president of Cuba, is overthrown by Fidel Castro's forces during the Cuban Revolution.
• 1960 - The Cameroon achieves independence from France and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
• 1962 - Samoa achieves independence from New Zealand; its name is changed to the Independent State of Western Samoa.
• 1962 - United States Navy SEALs established.
• 1964 - The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is divided into the independent republics of Zambia and Malawi, and the United Kingdom-controlled Rhodesia.
• 1965 - The People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan was founded in Kabul.
• 1966 - A twelve day 1966 New York City transit strike begins.
• 1966 - After a Coup d'état, Colonel Jean-Bédel Bokassa assumes power as president of the Central African Republic.
• 1970 - Unix time begins.
• 1971 - Cigarette Advertisings are banned on United States television.
• 1972 - Austrian diplomat Kurt Waldheim assumes as United Nations Secretary-General of the United Nations.
• 1973 - The Denmark, the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland are admitted into the European Community.
• 1978 - Air India Flight 855 Boeing 747 explodes and crashes into the sea off the coast of Mumbai, killing 213.
• 1978 - The Constitution of the Northern Mariana Islands becomes effective.
• 1979 - Formal diplomacy are established between the People's Republic of China and the United States.
• 1980 - Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden is crowned princess of Sweden.
• 1981 - The Greece is admitted into the European Community.
• 1981 - The Palau achieves self-government though it is not independent from the United States.
• 1982 - Peruvian Javier Pérez de Cuéllar becomes the first Latin American to hold the title of Secretary General of the United Nations.
• 1983 - The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network officially changes to using the Internet Protocol, creating the Internet.
• 1984 - AT&T is broken up into twenty-two independent units.
• 1984 - The Brunei becomes independent of the United Kingdom.
• 1985 - The Internet's Domain name system is created.
• 1985 - The first United Kingdom mobile phone call is made by Ernie Wise to Vodafone.
• 1986 - Aruba becomes independent of Curaçao, though it remains in free association with the Netherlands.
• 1986 - The Spain and the Portugal are admitted into the European Community.
• 1988 - The Evangelical Lutheran Church in America comes into existence, creating the largest Lutheranism religious denomination in the United States.
• 1989 - The Montreal Protocol comes into force.
• 1990 - David Dinkins is sworn in as New York City's first black mayor.
• 1993 - Dissolution of Czechoslovakia: Czechoslovakia is divided into the Slovakia and the Czech Republic.
• 1993 - A single market within the European Community is introduced.
• 1994 - The Zapatista Army of National Liberation initiates twelve days of armed conflict in the Mexico Chiapas.
• 1994 - The North American Free Trade Agreement comes into effect.
• 1994 - The European Economic Area comes into effect.
• 1994 - The International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994 comes into effect.
• 1995 - The World Trade Organization comes into effect.
• 1995 - The Sweden and the republics of Austria and Finland are admitted into the European Union.
• 1995 - The Conference for Security and Co-operation in Europe becomes the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe.
• 1995 - The Draupner wave in the North Sea in Norway is detected, confirming the existence of Rogue wave (oceanography).
• 1995 - Jean-Claude Juncker assumes as Prime Minister of Luxembourg.
• 1995 - Firecrackers are banned in Vietnam on Tết because of safety reasons.
• 1996 - Curaçao gains limited self-government, though it remains within free association with the Netherlands.
• 1997 - The Democratic Republic of the Congo officially joins the World Trade Organization, as Zaïre.
• 1997 - Ghanaian Diplomacy Kofi Annan assumes as United Nations Secretary-General of the United Nations.
• 1998 - The European Central Bank is established.
• 1999 - The Euro currency is introduced.
• 1999 - The Poland administrative region of Opole Voivodeship is created, out of the former Opole Voivodeship and parts of Częstochowa Voivodeship.
• 2000 - As the world celebrates, no major crisis arises from the dreaded Year 2000 problem.
• 2000 - Hama Amadou assumes as Prime Minister of Niger of Niger.
• 2001 - Tommy Remengesau assumes as President of Palau of Palau.
• 2002 - Euro banknotes and coins become legal tender in twelve of the European Union's European Union member states.
• 2002 - Taiwan officially joins the World Trade Organization, as Chinese Taipei.
• 2002 - The Treaty on Open Skies mutual surveillance treaty, initially signed in 1992, officially enters into force.
• 2003 - Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva assumes as the President of Brazil.
• 2004 - In a Motion of Confidence, Pervez Musharraf won 658 out of 1,170 votes in the Electoral College of Pakistan, and according to Article 41(8) of the Constitution of Pakistan, was "deemed to be elected" to the office of President of Pakistan until October 2007.
• 2006 - The Football Federation Australia moved from the Oceania Football Confederation to the Asian Football Confederation.
• 2007 - Bulgaria and Romania officially join the European Union. Also, Bulgarian language, Romanian language, and Irish language become official languages of the European Union, joining 20 other official languages.
• 2007 - Adam Air Flight 574 disappears over Indonesia with 102 people on board.

Births

• 766 - Ali al-Rida, Shia Imam (d. 818)
• 1431 - Pope Alexander VI (d. 1503)
• 1449 - Lorenzo de' Medici, Italian statesman (d. 1492)
• 1467 - Sigismund I the Old, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (d. 1548)
• 1484 - Huldrych Zwingli, Swiss Protestant leader (d. 1531)
• 1511 - Henry, Duke of Cornwall (d. 1511)
• 1516 - Margaret Leijonhufvud, Queen of Gustav I of Sweden (d. 1551)
• 1557 - Stephen Bocskay, Prince of Transylvania (d. 1606)
• 1600 - Friedrich Spanheim, Dutch theologian (d. 1649)
• 1614 - John Wilkins, English Bishop of Chester (d. 1672)
• 1618 - Bartolomé Estéban Murillo, Spanish painter (d. 1682)
• 1638 - Emperor Go-Sai of Japan (d. 1685)
• 1648 - Elkanah Settle, English writer (d. 1724)
• 1655 - Christian Thomasius, German jurist (d. 1728)
• 1684 - Arnold Drakenborch, Dutch classical scholar (d. 1748)
• 1704 - Soame Jenyns, English writer (d. 1787)
• 1711 - Franz Freiherr von der Trenck, Austrian soldier (d. 1749)
• 1714 - Kristijonas Donelaitis, Lithuanian poet (d. 1780)
• 1735 - Paul Revere, American patriot (d. 1818)
• 1745 - Anthony Wayne, American general and statesman (d. 1796)
• 1750 - Frederick Muhlenberg, American statesman (d. 1801)
• 1752 - Betsy Ross, American seamstress (d. 1836)
• 1767 - Maria Edgeworth, Anglo-Irish novelist (d. 1849)
• 1774 - André Marie Constant Duméril, French zoologist (d. 1860)
• 1776 - God
• 1779 - William Clowes (Printer), English printer (d. 1847)
• 1803 - Guglielmo Libri Carucci dalla Sommaja, Italian mathematician (d. 1869)
• 1814 - Hong Xiuquan, Chinese rebel (d. 1864)
• 1823 - Sándor Petőfi, Hungarian poet and revolutionary (d. 1849)
• 1833 - Robert Lawson (architect), New Zealand architect (d. 1902)
• 1848 - John Goff, Irish lawyer (d. 1924)
• 1854 - James Frazer, Scottish anthropologist (d. 1941)
• 1863 - Pierre de Coubertin, French Olympic Games initiator (d. 1937)
• 1864 - George Washington Carver, American educator (d. 1943)
• 1864 - Alfred Stieglitz, American photographer (d. 1946)
• 1864 - Qi Baishi, Chinese painter (d. 1957)
• 1868 - Snitz Edwards, American actor (d. 1937)
• 1873 - Mariano Azuela, Mexican novelist (d. 1952)
• 1874 - Frank Knox, American Secretary of the Navy (d. 1944)
• 1874 - Gustave Whitehead, German-born inventor (d. 1927)
• 1876 - Harriet Brooks, Canadian physicist (d. 1933)
• 1878 - Agner Krarup Erlang, Danish scientist and engineer (d. 1929)
• 1879 - E. M. Forster, English novelist (d. 1970)
• 1881 - Vajiravudh, King of Thailand (d. 1925)
• 1887 - Wilhelm Canaris, German admiral (d. 1945)
• 1888 - John Garand, American inventor (d. 1974)
• 1890 - Anton Melik, Slovenian geographer (d. 1966)
• 1892 - Artur Rodziński, Croatian conductor (d. 1958)
• 1894 - Satyendra Nath Bose, Bengali mathematician (d. 1974)
• 1894 - Shitsu Nakano, Japan's oldest person (d. 2007)
• 1895 - J. Edgar Hoover, American FBI director (d. 1972)
• 1900 - Xavier Cugat, Spanish musician (d. 1990)
• 1900 - Chiune Sugihara, Japanese diplomat (d. 1986)
• 1902 - Buster Nupen, South African cricketer (d. 1977)
• 1904 - Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry, Pakistani politician (d. 1982)
• 1904 - Ethan Allen (baseball), American baseball player (d. 1993)
• 1905 - Stanisław Mazur, Polish mathematician (d. 1981)
• 1905 - Kamatari Fujiwara, Japanese actor (d. 1985)
• 1906 - Giovanni D'Anzi, Italian songwriter (d. 1974)
• 1909 - Dana Andrews, American actor (d. 1992)
• 1909 - Barry Goldwater, American politician (d. 1998)
• 1911 - Hank Greenberg, American baseball player (d. 1986)
• 1912 - Kim Philby, British spy (d. 1988)
• 1912 - Boris Vladimirovich Gnedenko, Russian mathematician (d. 1995)
• 1917 - Jule Gregory Charney, American meteorologist (d. 1981)
• 1917 - Albert Mol, Dutch actor (d. 2004)
• 1918 - Patrick Anthony Porteous, Scottish Victoria Cross recipient (d. 2000)
• 1919 - J. D. Salinger, American novelist
• 1920 - Virgilio Savona, Italian singer (Quartetto Cetra)
• 1921 - Ismail al-Faruqi, Palestinian-born philosopher (d. 1986)
• 1922 - Rocky Graziano, American boxer (d. 1990)
• 1922 - Ernest Hollings, American politician
• 1923 - Daniel Gorenstein, American mathematician (d. 1992)
• 1923 - Milt Jackson, American jazz vibraphonist (d. 1999)
• 1925 - Matthew "Stymie" Beard, American actor (d. 1981)
• 1925 - Valentina Cortese, Italian actress
• 1925 - Raymond Pellegrin, French actor
• 1926 - Richard Verreau, French Canadian tenor (d. 2005)
• 1927 - Maurice Béjart, French choreographer
• 1927 - Pat Heywood, Scottish born actress
• 1927 - Calum MacKay, Canadian hockey player (d. 2001)
• 1927 - Vernon L. Smith, American economist, Nobel Prize in Economics
• 1927 - Doak Walker, American football star (d. 1998)
• 1928 - Ernest Tidyman, American writer (d. 1984)
• 1930 - Hossain Mohammad Ershad, Bangladeshi politician
• 1932 - Jackie Parker, American football player (d. 2006)
• 1933 - Frederick Lowy, Canadian educator
• 1933 - Joe Orton, English writer (d. 1967)
• 1937 - Adam Wiśniewski-Snerg, Polish author (d. 1995)
• 1938 - Clay Cole, Television Host and Producer
• 1938 - Robert Jankel, British coachbuilder (d. 2005)
• 1938 - Frank Langella American actor
• 1939 - Michèle Mercier, French actress
• 1942 - Martin Frost, American politician
• 1942 - Country Joe McDonald, American musician (Country Joe and the Fish)
• 1942 - Gennadi Sarafanov, Soviet cosmonaut (d. 2005)
• 1942 - Alassane Ouattara, Former Prime Minister of Ivory Coast
• 1943 - Raghunath Anant Mashelkar, Indian scientist
• 1943 - Don Novello, American actor
• 1943 - Jimmy Hart, wrestling manager
• 1944 - Zafarullah Khan Jamali, Pakistani politician
• 1945 - Jacky Ickx, Belgian race car driver
• 1946 - Susannah McCorkle, American singer (d. 2001)
• 1946 - Rivelino, Brazilian football player
• 1946 - Carl B. Hamilton, Swedish economist and politician
• 1947 - Jon Corzine, American politician
• 1947 - Paula Tsui, Hong Kong singer
• 1948 - Pavel Grachev, Russian general
• 1950 - Morgan Fisher, English musician (Mott the Hoople)
• 1951 - Rodger Bumpass, American actor (Squidward Tentacles)
• 1951 - Ashfaq Hussain, Urdu poet
• 1951 - Nana Patekar, Indian film and stage actor
• 1953 - Greg Carmichael, British guitarist (Acoustic Alchemy)
• 1954 - Bob Menendez, American politician
• 1956 - Mark R. Hughes, American entrepreneur (d. 2000)
• 1956 - Kôji Yakusho, Japanese actor
• 1957 - Ewa Kasprzyk, Polish actress
• 1958 - Grandmaster Flash, Barbados-born musician
• 1959 - Azali Assoumani, Comorian president
• 1959 - Panagiotis Giannakis, Greek basketball player and coach
• 1959 - Jennifer Edwards, American actress
• 1961 - Fiona Phillips, British television presenter
• 1961 - Mark Wingett, British actor
• 1962 - Sophie Thompson, British actress
• 1962 - Ari Up, German musician (The Slits)
• 1964 - Dedee Pfeiffer, American actress
• 1966 - Anna Burke, Australian politician
• 1967 - Derrick Thomas, American football player (d. 2000)
• 1967 - John Digweed, English DJ
• 1967 - Juanma Bajo Ulloa, Spanish film director
• 1968 - Davor Šuker, Croatian footballer
• 1968 - Joey Stefano, American adult actor (d. 1994)
• 1968 - Miki Higashino, Japanese composer
• 1969 - Verne Troyer, American actor
• 1969 - Christi Paul, CNN news anchor
• 1970 - Gabriel Jarret, American actor
• 1970 - Shelley O'Donnell, Australian netballer
• 1970 - Kimberly Page, American actress
• 1971 - Bobby Holik, Czech hockey player
• 1972 - Neve McIntosh, Scottish actress
• 1972 - Lilian Thuram, French footballer
• 1974 - Catalina Guirado, English model and TV personality
• 1975 - Joe Cannon (soccer), American soccer player
• 1975 - Sonali Bendre, Indian model and actress
• 1975 - Eiichiro Oda, Japanese Manga artist
• 1976 - Caleb Wyatt, American motocross rider
• 1976 - Vidya Balan, Indian actress
• 1977 - Hasan Salihamidžić, Bosnian footballer
• 1977 - Keeley Hawes, British actress
• 1978 - Nina Bott, German actress
• 1978 - Phillip Mulryne, Northern Irish footballer
• 1978 - Paramahamsa Sri Nithyananda, Indian spiritualist
• 1978 - Tarik O'Regan, British composer
• 1979 - Brody Dalle, Australian singer (The Distillers)
• 1979 - Koichi Domoto, Japanese artist
• 1980 - Elin Nordegren, Swedish model
• 1981 - Zsolt Baumgartner, Hungarian race car driver
• 1981 - Abdülkadir Koçak, Turkish boxer
• 1981 - Eden Riegel, American actress
• 1981 - Jonas Armstrong, Irish actor
• 1982 - David Nalbandian, Argentinian tennis player
• 1983 - Calum Davenport, English footballer
• 1983 - Emi Kobayashi, Japanese gravure idol
• 1984 - Michael Witt, Australian rugby league footballer
• 1984 - José Paolo Guerrero, Peruvian footballer
• 1984 - Shareefa, American singer
• 1985 - Steven Davis, Northern Irish footballer
• 1986 - Alexa Ray Joel, American musician
• 1987 - Gilbert Brule, Canadian hockey player
• 1987 - Meryl Davis, American ice dancer
• 1996 - Mary Gibbs, American actress

Deaths

• 379 - Saint Basil of Caesarea (b. 330)
• 404 - Telemachus (martyr)
• 874 - Hasan al-Askari, eleventh Shia Imam (b. 846)
• 898 - Odo, Count of Paris (b. 860)
• 962 - Baldwin III, Count of Flanders
• 1204 - King Haakon III of Norway
• 1387 - King Charles II of Navarre (b. 1332)
• 1515 - King Louis XII of France (b. 1462)
• 1554 - Pedro de Valdivia, Spanish conquistador (b. 1500)
• 1559 - Christian III of Denmark and Norway (b. 1503)
• 1560 - Joachim du Bellay, French poet (bc. 1522)
• 1617 - Hendrik Goltzius, Dutch painter (b. 1558)
• 1679 - Jan Steen, Dutch painter (b. 1626)
• 1697 - Filippo Baldinucci, Florentine biographer/ historian (b. 1624)
• 1716 - William Wycherley, English dramatist (bc. 1640)
• 1730 - Samuel Sewall, English-born judge (b. 1652)
• 1742 - Peregrine Bertie, 2nd Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven, English statesman (b. 1686)
• 1748 - Johann Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician (b. 1667)
• 1759 - Jacques-Joachim Trotti, marquis de La Chétardie, French adventurer (b. 1705)
• 1766 - James Francis Edward Stuart, "The Old Pretender" (b. 1688)
• 1782 - Johann Christian Bach, German composer (b. 1735)
• 1789 - Fletcher Norton, 1st Baron Grantley, English politician (b. 1716)
• 1793 - Francesco Guardi, Venetian painter (b. 1712)
• 1796 - Alexandre-Théophile Vandermonde, French mathematician (b. 1735)
• 1800 - Louis-Jean-Marie Daubenton, French naturalist (b. 1716)
• 1817 - Martin Heinrich Klaproth, German chemist (b. 1743)
• 1862 - Mikhail Vasilievich Ostrogradsky, Russian physicist (b. 1801)
• 1869 - Martin W. Bates, American politician (b. 1786)
• 1892 - Roswell B. Mason, Mayor of Chicago (b. 1805)
• 1894 - Heinrich Rudolf Hertz, German physicist (b. 1857)
• 1919 - Mikhail Drozdovsky, Russian general (b. 1881)
• 1921 - Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1856)
• 1931 - Martinus Beijerinck, Dutch microbiologist and botanist (b. 1851)
• 1933 - Harriet Brooks, Canadian physicist (b. 1876)
• 1940 - Panuganti Lakshminarasimha Rao, Indian writer and essayist (b. 1865)
• 1944 - Charles Turner (cricketer), Australian cricketer (b. 1862)
• 1953 - Hank Williams, American singer (b. 1923)
• 1958 - Edward Weston, American photographer (b. {| style="float:right;"|-||-||} The preceding day is December 31 of the previous year.
  
  January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian calendar and Gregorian calendar calendars. Here a calendar year refers to the order in which the months are displayed, January to December. The first day of the medieval Julian year was usually a day other than January 1. This day was adopted as the first day of the Julian year (calendar) by some European countries between 1522 and 1579 (that is, before the creation of the Gregorian calendar in 1582). See Gregorian calendar#Beginning of the year. The British Empire (including its United states) did not adopt the Gregorian calendar until 1752. This change can lead to dating confusion between Old Style and New Style dates. The Gregorian calendar as promulgated in 1582 did not specify that January 1 was to be either New Year's Day or the first day of its numbered year. Although England began its numbered year on March 25 (Lady Day) between the thirteenth century and 1752, January 1 was called New Year's Day, which was a holiday when gifts were exchanged.
  
  Events
  • 153 BC - Consul begin their year in office.
  • 45 BC - The Julian calendar first takes effect.
  • 404 - The last known gladiator competition in Rome takes place.
  • 630 - Muhammad sets out toward Mecca with the army that will capture it bloodlessly.
  • 990 - Kievan Rus' adopts the Julian calendar.
  • 1259 - Michael VIII Palaiologos is proclaimed co-emperor of the Empire of Nicaea with his ward John IV Laskaris.
  • 1438 - Albert II of Germany is crowned King of Hungary.
  • 1515 - Francis I of France of France succeeds to the French throne.
  • 1527 - Croatian nobles elect Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor of Austria as king of Croatia in the Parliament on Cetin.
  • 1600 - Scotland begins using the Julian calendar.
  • 1651 - Charles II of England is crowned King of Scotland.
  • 1660 - Samuel Pepys starts his diary.
  • 1673 - Regular mail delivery begins between New York City and Boston, Massachusetts.
  • 1700 - Russia begins using the Julian calendar.
  • 1707 - John V of Portugal is crowned King of Portugal.
  • 1739 - Bouvet Island is discovered by France explorer Jean-Baptiste Charles Bouvet de Lozier.
  • 1772 - The first Traveler's cheques, which can be used in 90 European cities, go on sale in London for the first time.
  • 1781 - 1,500 soldiers of the 6th Pennsylvania Regiment under General Anthony Wayne's command rebelled against the Continental Army's winter camp in Morristown, New Jersey as part of the Pennsylvania (Continentals; Regiment) Mutiny of 1781.
  • 1788 - First edition of The Times of London, previously The Daily Universal Register, is published.
  • 1797 - Albany, New York replaces Kingston, New York as the capital of New York State.
  • 1800 - The Dutch East India Company ceases to exist.
  • 1801 - The legislative union of Kingdom of Great Britain and Kingdom of Ireland is completed to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
  • 1801 - Dwarf planet Ceres (dwarf planet) is discovered by Giuseppe Piazzi.
  • 1803 - Gia Long orders all bronze wares of the Tây Sơn Dynasty to be collected and melted into nine cannons for the Royal Citadel in Huế, Vietnam
  • 1804 - France rule ends in Haiti. Haiti becomes the first black republic and first country independent in the Caribbean.
  • 1806 - The French Republican Calendar is abolished.
  • 1808 - The importation of Slaverys into the United States is banned.
  • 1818 - Mary Shelley's novel Frankenstein is published.
  • 1833 - United Kingdom claims sovereignty over the Falkland Islands.
  • 1845 - The Cobble Hill Tunnel, in Brooklyn, was finished.
  • 1861 - Porfirio Díaz conquers Mexico City.
  • 1863 - American Civil War: The Emancipation Proclamation takes effect in Confederate States of America territory.
  • 1863 - The first claim under the Homestead Act is made by Daniel Freeman for a farm in Nebraska.
  • 1870 - First edition of The Northern Echo newspaper is published.
  • 1876 - The Reichsbank opens in Berlin.
  • 1877 - Victoria of the United Kingdom of Britain is proclaimed Empress of India.
  • 1880 - Ferdinand de Lesseps begins France construction of the Panama Canal.
  • 1887 - Victoria of the United Kingdom is proclaimed empress of India in Delhi.
  • 1890 - The first Tournament of Roses Parade is held in Pasadena, California.
  • 1890 - First use of Football (soccer) goal nets in England.
  • 1890 - Eritrea consolidates into a colony by the Italy government.
  • 1892 - Ellis Island opens to begin accepting immigrants to the United States.
  • 1893 - Japan begins using the Gregorian calendar.
  • 1894 - The Manchester Ship Canal, England, is officially opened to traffic.
  • 1898 - New York City annexes land from surrounding counties, creating the City of Greater New York. The four initial boroughs, Manhattan, Brooklyn, Queens, and The Bronx, are joined on January 25 by Staten Island to create the modern city of five boroughs.
  • 1899 - Spain rule ends in Cuba.
  • 1901 - the France national rugby union team play their first Test against the New Zealand All Blacks.
  • 1901 - Nigeria becomes a United Kingdom protectorate.
  • 1901 - The British colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria (Australia), South Australia, Tasmania and Western Australia Australian Federation as the Australia; Edmund Barton is appointed the first Prime Minister of Australia.
  • 1901 - The first official Mummers Parade is held.
  • 1902 - The first Rose Bowl Game game is played in Pasadena, California, with the University of Michigan beating Stanford University by a score of 49-0.
  • 1906 - British Raj officially adopts the Indian Standard Time
  • 1908 - For the first time, a Times Square Ball is dropped in New York City's Times Square to signify the start of the New Year at midnight.
  • 1909 - Drilling began on the Lakeview Gusher.
  • 1910 - Captain David Beatty, 1st Earl Beatty was promoted to Rear admiral, and became the youngest admiral in the Royal Navy, except for British Royal Family members, since Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson.
  • 1911 - Northern Territory is separated from South Australia and transferred to Commonwealth control.
  • 1912 - The Republic of China is established.
  • 1916 - Germany troops abandon Yaoundé and their Cameroon colony to Great Britain forces and begin the long march to Spanish Guinea.
  • 1919 - Edsel Ford succeeded his father, Henry Ford, as president of the Ford Motor Company.
  • 1920 - The Belorussian Communist Organisation is founded as a separate party.
  • 1923 - Britains Railways are grouped into the List of railway companies involved in the 1923 grouping#The Big Four, London and North Eastern Railway, Great Western Railway, Southern Railway (Great Britain), London, Midland and Scottish Railway.
  • 1925 - The United States astronomer Edwin Hubble announces the discovery of galaxies outside the Milky Way.
  • 1927 - Turkey adopts the Gregorian calendar: December 18, 1926 (Julian calendar), is immediately followed by January 1, 1927 (Gregorian).
  • 1934 - Alcatraz Island becomes a United States federal prison.
  • 1934 - Nazi Germany passes the "Compulsory sterilization#Germany".
  • 1935 - Bucknell University wins the first Orange Bowl (game) 26–0 over the University of Miami.
  • 1937 - The first Cotton Bowl (game) game is played in Dallas, Texas. Texas Christian University defeats Marquette University 16–6.
  • 1937 - Safety glass in windshields became mandatory in Great Britain.
  • 1939 - The first Vienna New Year's Concert is held.
  • 1939 - William Reddington Hewlett and David Packard found Hewlett-Packard.
  • 1939 - Sydney, Australia swelters in 45˚C (113˚F) heat, a record for the city.
  • 1942 - The Declaration by United Nations is signed by twenty-six nations.
  • 1942 - The U.S. Office of Production Management prohibited sales of new cars and trucks to civilians.
  • 1945 - In retaliation of the Malmedy massacre, U.S. troops massacre 30 SS prisoners at Chenogne massacre.
  • 1946 - The first civil flight from Heathrow Airport occurs.
  • 1947 - The United States and United Kingdom occupation zones in Germany, after the World War II, merge to form the Bizone, that later became the Federal Republic of Germany.
  • 1948 - United Kingdom railways are Nationalisation to form British Rail.
  • 1948 - After partition, India declines to pay the agreed share of Rs.550 million in cash balances to Pakistan.
  • 1948 - The Constitution of Italy comes into force.
  • 1949 - The British Nationality Act 1948 comes into force.
  • 1949 - United Nation cease-fire orders to operate in Kashmir from one minute before midnight. War between India and Pakistan stops accordingly.
  • 1950 - The state of Ajaigarh acceded to the Government of India.
  • 1956 - The Sudan achieves independence from the Egypt and the United Kingdom.
  • 1957 - George Town, Penang became a city by a royal charter granted by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II.
  • 1958 - The European Community is established.
  • 1959 - Cultivars of plants named after this date must be named in a modern language, not in Latin.
  • 1959 - Fulgencio Batista, president of Cuba, is overthrown by Fidel Castro's forces during the Cuban Revolution.
  • 1960 - The Cameroon achieves independence from France and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
  • 1962 - Samoa achieves independence from New Zealand; its name is changed to the Independent State of Western Samoa.
  • 1962 - United States Navy SEALs established.
  • 1964 - The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is divided into the independent republics of Zambia and Malawi, and the United Kingdom-controlled Rhodesia.
  • 1965 - The People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan was founded in Kabul.
  • 1966 - A twelve day 1966 New York City transit strike begins.
  • 1966 - After a Coup d'état, Colonel Jean-Bédel Bokassa assumes power as president of the Central African Republic.
  • 1970 - Unix time begins.
  • 1971 - Cigarette Advertisings are banned on United States television.
  • 1972 - Austrian diplomat Kurt Waldheim assumes as United Nations Secretary-General of the United Nations.
  • 1973 - The Denmark, the United Kingdom, and the Republic of Ireland are admitted into the European Community.
  • 1978 - Air India Flight 855 Boeing 747 explodes and crashes into the sea off the coast of Mumbai, killing 213.
  • 1978 - The Constitution of the Northern Mariana Islands becomes effective.
  • 1979 - Formal diplomacy are established between the People's Republic of China and the United States.
  • 1980 - Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden is crowned princess of Sweden.
  • 1981 - The Greece is admitted into the European Community.
  • 1981 - The Palau achieves self-government though it is not independent from the United States.
  • 1982 - Peruvian Javier Pérez de Cuéllar becomes the first Latin American to hold the title of Secretary General of the United Nations.
  • 1983 - The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network officially changes to using the Internet Protocol, creating the Internet.
  • 1984 - AT&T is broken up into twenty-two independent units.
  • 1984 - The Brunei becomes independent of the United Kingdom.
  • 1985 - The Internet's Domain name system is created.
  • 1985 - The first United Kingdom mobile phone call is made by Ernie Wise to Vodafone.
  • 1986 - Aruba becomes independent of Curaçao, though it remains in free association with the Netherlands.
  • 1986 - The Spain and the Portugal are admitted into the European Community.
  • 1988 - The Evangelical Lutheran Church in America comes into existence, creating the largest Lutheranism religious denomination in the United States.
  • 1989 - The Montreal Protocol comes into force.
  • 1990 - David Dinkins is sworn in as New York City's first black mayor.
  • 1993 - Dissolution of Czechoslovakia: Czechoslovakia is divided into the Slovakia and the Czech Republic.
  • 1993 - A single market within the European Community is introduced.
  • 1994 - The Zapatista Army of National Liberation initiates twelve days of armed conflict in the Mexico Chiapas.
  • 1994 - The North American Free Trade Agreement comes into effect.
  • 1994 - The European Economic Area comes into effect.
  • 1994 - The International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994 comes into effect.
  • 1995 - The World Trade Organization comes into effect.
  • 1995 - The Sweden and the republics of Austria and Finland are admitted into the European Union.
  • 1995 - The Conference for Security and Co-operation in Europe becomes the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe.
  • 1995 - The Draupner wave in the North Sea in Norway is detected, confirming the existence of Rogue wave (oceanography).
  • 1995 - Jean-Claude Juncker assumes as Prime Minister of Luxembourg.
  • 1995 - Firecrackers are banned in Vietnam on Tết because of safety reasons.
  • 1996 - Curaçao gains limited self-government, though it remains within free association with the Netherlands.
  • 1997 - The Democratic Republic of the Congo officially joins the World Trade Organization, as Zaïre.
  • 1997 - Ghanaian Diplomacy Kofi Annan assumes as United Nations Secretary-General of the United Nations.
  • 1998 - The European Central Bank is established.
  • 1999 - The Euro currency is introduced.
  • 1999 - The Poland administrative region of Opole Voivodeship is created, out of the former Opole Voivodeship and parts of Częstochowa Voivodeship.
  • 2000 - As the world celebrates, no major crisis arises from the dreaded Year 2000 problem.
  • 2000 - Hama Amadou assumes as Prime Minister of Niger of Niger.
  • 2001 - Tommy Remengesau assumes as President of Palau of Palau.
  • 2002 - Euro banknotes and coins become legal tender in twelve of the European Union's European Union member states.
  • 2002 - Taiwan officially joins the World Trade Organization, as Chinese Taipei.
  • 2002 - The Treaty on Open Skies mutual surveillance treaty, initially signed in 1992, officially enters into force.
  • 2003 - Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva assumes as the President of Brazil.
  • 2004 - In a Motion of Confidence, Pervez Musharraf won 658 out of 1,170 votes in the Electoral College of Pakistan, and according to Article 41(8) of the Constitution of Pakistan, was "deemed to be elected" to the office of President of Pakistan until October 2007.
  • 2006 - The Football Federation Australia moved from the Oceania Football Confederation to the Asian Football Confederation.
  • 2007 - Bulgaria and Romania officially join the European Union. Also, Bulgarian language, Romanian language, and Irish language become official languages of the European Union, joining 20 other official languages.
  • 2007 - Adam Air Flight 574 disappears over Indonesia with 102 people on board.
  
  
  Births
  • 766 - Ali al-Rida, Shia Imam (d. 818)
  • 1431 - Pope Alexander VI (d. 1503)
  • 1449 - Lorenzo de' Medici, Italian statesman (d. 1492)
  • 1467 - Sigismund I the Old, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (d. 1548)
  • 1484 - Huldrych Zwingli, Swiss Protestant leader (d. 1531)
  • 1511 - Henry, Duke of Cornwall (d. 1511)
  • 1516 - Margaret Leijonhufvud, Queen of Gustav I of Sweden (d. 1551)
  • 1557 - Stephen Bocskay, Prince of Transylvania (d. 1606)
  • 1600 - Friedrich Spanheim, Dutch theologian (d. 1649)
  • 1614 - John Wilkins, English Bishop of Chester (d. 1672)
  • 1618 - Bartolomé Estéban Murillo, Spanish painter (d. 1682)
  • 1638 - Emperor Go-Sai of Japan (d. 1685)
  • 1648 - Elkanah Settle, English writer (d. 1724)
  • 1655 - Christian Thomasius, German jurist (d. 1728)
  • 1684 - Arnold Drakenborch, Dutch classical scholar (d. 1748)
  • 1704 - Soame Jenyns, English writer (d. 1787)
  • 1711 - Franz Freiherr von der Trenck, Austrian soldier (d. 1749)
  • 1714 - Kristijonas Donelaitis, Lithuanian poet (d. 1780)
  • 1735 - Paul Revere, American patriot (d. 1818)
  • 1745 - Anthony Wayne, American general and statesman (d. 1796)
  • 1750 - Frederick Muhlenberg, American statesman (d. 1801)
  • 1752 - Betsy Ross, American seamstress (d. 1836)
  • 1767 - Maria Edgeworth, Anglo-Irish novelist (d. 1849)
  • 1774 - André Marie Constant Duméril, French zoologist (d. 1860)
  • 1776 - God
  • 1779 - William Clowes (Printer), English printer (d. 1847)
  • 1803 - Guglielmo Libri Carucci dalla Sommaja, Italian mathematician (d. 1869)
  • 1814 - Hong Xiuquan, Chinese rebel (d. 1864)
  • 1823 - Sándor Petőfi, Hungarian poet and revolutionary (d. 1849)
  • 1833 - Robert Lawson (architect), New Zealand architect (d. 1902)
  • 1848 - John Goff, Irish lawyer (d. 1924)
  • 1854 - James Frazer, Scottish anthropologist (d. 1941)
  • 1863 - Pierre de Coubertin, French Olympic Games initiator (d. 1937)
  • 1864 - George Washington Carver, American educator (d. 1943)
  • 1864 - Alfred Stieglitz, American photographer (d. 1946)
  • 1864 - Qi Baishi, Chinese painter (d. 1957)
  • 1868 - Snitz Edwards, American actor (d. 1937)
  • 1873 - Mariano Azuela, Mexican novelist (d. 1952)
  • 1874 - Frank Knox, American Secretary of the Navy (d. 1944)
  • 1874 - Gustave Whitehead, German-born inventor (d. 1927)
  • 1876 - Harriet Brooks, Canadian physicist (d. 1933)
  • 1878 - Agner Krarup Erlang, Danish scientist and engineer (d. 1929)
  • 1879 - E. M. Forster, English novelist (d. 1970)
  • 1881 - Vajiravudh, King of Thailand (d. 1925)
  • 1887 - Wilhelm Canaris, German admiral (d. 1945)
  • 1888 - John Garand, American inventor (d. 1974)
  • 1890 - Anton Melik, Slovenian geographer (d. 1966)
  • 1892 - Artur Rodziński, Croatian conductor (d. 1958)
  • 1894 - Satyendra Nath Bose, Bengali mathematician (d. 1974)
  • 1894 - Shitsu Nakano, Japan's oldest person (d. 2007)
  • 1895 - J. Edgar Hoover, American FBI director (d. 1972)
  • 1900 - Xavier Cugat, Spanish musician (d. 1990)
  • 1900 - Chiune Sugihara, Japanese diplomat (d. 1986)
  • 1902 - Buster Nupen, South African cricketer (d. 1977)
  • 1904 - Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry, Pakistani politician (d. 1982)
  • 1904 - Ethan Allen (baseball), American baseball player (d. 1993)
  • 1905 - Stanisław Mazur, Polish mathematician (d. 1981)
  • 1905 - Kamatari Fujiwara, Japanese actor (d. 1985)
  • 1906 - Giovanni D'Anzi, Italian songwriter (d. 1974)
  • 1909 - Dana Andrews, American actor (d. 1992)
  • 1909 - Barry Goldwater, American politician (d. 1998)
  • 1911 - Hank Greenberg, American baseball player (d. 1986)
  • 1912 - Kim Philby, British spy (d. 1988)
  • 1912 - Boris Vladimirovich Gnedenko, Russian mathematician (d. 1995)
  • 1917 - Jule Gregory Charney, American meteorologist (d. 1981)
  • 1917 - Albert Mol, Dutch actor (d. 2004)
  • 1918 - Patrick Anthony Porteous, Scottish Victoria Cross recipient (d. 2000)
  • 1919 - J. D. Salinger, American novelist
  • 1920 - Virgilio Savona, Italian singer (Quartetto Cetra)
  • 1921 - Ismail al-Faruqi, Palestinian-born philosopher (d. 1986)
  • 1922 - Rocky Graziano, American boxer (d. 1990)
  • 1922 - Ernest Hollings, American politician
  • 1923 - Daniel Gorenstein, American mathematician (d. 1992)
  • 1923 - Milt Jackson, American jazz vibraphonist (d. 1999)
  • 1925 - Matthew "Stymie" Beard, American actor (d. 1981)
  • 1925 - Valentina Cortese, Italian actress
  • 1925 - Raymond Pellegrin, French actor
  • 1926 - Richard Verreau, French Canadian tenor (d. 2005)
  • 1927 - Maurice Béjart, French choreographer
  • 1927 - Pat Heywood, Scottish born actress
  • 1927 - Calum MacKay, Canadian hockey player (d. 2001)
  • 1927 - Vernon L. Smith, American economist, Nobel Prize in Economics
  • 1927 - Doak Walker, American football star (d. 1998)
  • 1928 - Ernest Tidyman, American writer (d. 1984)
  • 1930 - Hossain Mohammad Ershad, Bangladeshi politician
  • 1932 - Jackie Parker, American football player (d. 2006)
  • 1933 - Frederick Lowy, Canadian educator
  • 1933 - Joe Orton, English writer (d. 1967)
  • 1937 - Adam Wiśniewski-Snerg, Polish author (d. 1995)
  • 1938 - Clay Cole, Television Host and Producer
  • 1938 - Robert Jankel, British coachbuilder (d. 2005)
  • 1938 - Frank Langella American actor
  • 1939 - Michèle Mercier, French actress
  • 1942 - Martin Frost, American politician
  • 1942 - Country Joe McDonald, American musician (Country Joe and the Fish)
  • 1942 - Gennadi Sarafanov, Soviet cosmonaut (d. 2005)
  • 1942 - Alassane Ouattara, Former Prime Minister of Ivory Coast
  • 1943 - Raghunath Anant Mashelkar, Indian scientist
  • 1943 - Don Novello, American actor
  • 1943 - Jimmy Hart, wrestling manager
  • 1944 - Zafarullah Khan Jamali, Pakistani politician
  • 1945 - Jacky Ickx, Belgian race car driver
  • 1946 - Susannah McCorkle, American singer (d. 2001)
  • 1946 - Rivelino, Brazilian football player
  • 1946 - Carl B. Hamilton, Swedish economist and politician
  • 1947 - Jon Corzine, American politician
  • 1947 - Paula Tsui, Hong Kong singer
  • 1948 - Pavel Grachev, Russian general
  • 1950 - Morgan Fisher, English musician (Mott the Hoople)
  • 1951 - Rodger Bumpass, American actor (Squidward Tentacles)
  • 1951 - Ashfaq Hussain, Urdu poet
  • 1951 - Nana Patekar, Indian film and stage actor
  • 1953 - Greg Carmichael, British guitarist (Acoustic Alchemy)
  • 1954 - Bob Menendez, American politician
  • 1956 - Mark R. Hughes, American entrepreneur (d. 2000)
  • 1956 - Kôji Yakusho, Japanese actor
  • 1957 - Ewa Kasprzyk, Polish actress
  • 1958 - Grandmaster Flash, Barbados-born musician
  • 1959 - Azali Assoumani, Comorian president
  • 1959 - Panagiotis Giannakis, Greek basketball player and coach
  • 1959 - Jennifer Edwards, American actress
  • 1961 - Fiona Phillips, British television presenter
  • 1961 - Mark Wingett, British actor
  • 1962 - Sophie Thompson, British actress
  • 1962 - Ari Up, German musician (The Slits)
  • 1964 - Dedee Pfeiffer, American actress
  • 1966 - Anna Burke, Australian politician
  • 1967 - Derrick Thomas, American football player (d. 2000)
  • 1967 - John Digweed, English DJ
  • 1967 - Juanma Bajo Ulloa, Spanish film director
  • 1968 - Davor Šuker, Croatian footballer
  • 1968 - Joey Stefano, American adult actor (d. 1994)
  • 1968 - Miki Higashino, Japanese composer
  • 1969 - Verne Troyer, American actor
  • 1969 - Christi Paul, CNN news anchor
  • 1970 - Gabriel Jarret, American actor
  • 1970 - Shelley O'Donnell, Australian netballer
  • 1970 - Kimberly Page, American actress
  • 1971 - Bobby Holik, Czech hockey player
  • 1972 - Neve McIntosh, Scottish actress
  • 1972 - Lilian Thuram, French footballer
  • 1974 - Catalina Guirado, English model and TV personality
  • 1975 - Joe Cannon (soccer), American soccer player
  • 1975 - Sonali Bendre, Indian model and actress
  • 1975 - Eiichiro Oda, Japanese Manga artist
  • 1976 - Caleb Wyatt, American motocross rider
  • 1976 - Vidya Balan, Indian actress
  • 1977 - Hasan Salihamidžić, Bosnian footballer
  • 1977 - Keeley Hawes, British actress
  • 1978 - Nina Bott, German actress
  • 1978 - Phillip Mulryne, Northern Irish footballer
  • 1978 - Paramahamsa Sri Nithyananda, Indian spiritualist
  • 1978 - Tarik O'Regan, British composer
  • 1979 - Brody Dalle, Australian singer (The Distillers)
  • 1979 - Koichi Domoto, Japanese artist
  • 1980 - Elin Nordegren, Swedish model
  • 1981 - Zsolt Baumgartner, Hungarian race car driver
  • 1981 - Abdülkadir Koçak, Turkish boxer
  • 1981 - Eden Riegel, American actress
  • 1981 - Jonas Armstrong, Irish actor
  • 1982 - David Nalbandian, Argentinian tennis player
  • 1983 - Calum Davenport, English footballer
  • 1983 - Emi Kobayashi, Japanese gravure idol
  • 1984 - Michael Witt, Australian rugby league footballer
  • 1984 - José Paolo Guerrero, Peruvian footballer
  • 1984 - Shareefa, American singer
  • 1985 - Steven Davis, Northern Irish footballer
  • 1986 - Alexa Ray Joel, American musician
  • 1987 - Gilbert Brule, Canadian hockey player
  • 1987 - Meryl Davis, American ice dancer
  • 1996 - Mary Gibbs, American actress
  
  
  Deaths
  • 379 - Saint Basil of Caesarea (b. 330)
  • 404 - Telemachus (martyr)
  • 874 - Hasan al-Askari, eleventh Shia Imam (b. 846)
  • 898 - Odo, Count of Paris (b. 860)
  • 962 - Baldwin III, Count of Flanders
  • 1204 - King Haakon III of Norway
  • 1387 - King Charles II of Navarre (b. 1332)
  • 1515 - King Louis XII of France (b. 1462)
  • 1554 - Pedro de Valdivia, Spanish conquistador (b. 1500)
  • 1559 - Christian III of Denmark and Norway (b. 1503)
  • 1560 - Joachim du Bellay, French poet (bc. 1522)
  • 1617 - Hendrik Goltzius, Dutch painter (b. 1558)
  • 1679 - Jan Steen, Dutch painter (b. 1626)
  • 1697 - Filippo Baldinucci, Florentine biographer/ historian (b. 1624)
  • 1716 - William Wycherley, English dramatist (bc. 1640)
  • 1730 - Samuel Sewall, English-born judge (b. 1652)
  • 1742 - Peregrine Bertie, 2nd Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven, English statesman (b. 1686)
  • 1748 - Johann Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician (b. 1667)
  • 1759 - Jacques-Joachim Trotti, marquis de La Chétardie, French adventurer (b. 1705)
  • 1766 - James Francis Edward Stuart, "The Old Pretender" (b. 1688)
  • 1782 - Johann Christian Bach, German composer (b. 1735)
  • 1789 - Fletcher Norton, 1st Baron Grantley, English politician (b. 1716)
  • 1793 - Francesco Guardi, Venetian painter (b. 1712)
  • 1796 - Alexandre-Théophile Vandermonde, French mathematician (b. 1735)
  • 1800 - Louis-Jean-Marie Daubenton, French naturalist (b. 1716)
  • 1817 - Martin Heinrich Klaproth, German chemist (b. 1743)
  • 1862 - Mikhail Vasilievich Ostrogradsky, Russian physicist (b. 1801)
  • 1869 - Martin W. Bates, American politician (b. 1786)
  • 1892 - Roswell B. Mason, Mayor of Chicago (b. 1805)
  • 1894 - Heinrich Rudolf Hertz, German physicist (b. 1857)
  • 1919 - Mikhail Drozdovsky, Russian general (b. 1881)
  • 1921 - Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1856)
  • 1931 - Martinus Beijerinck, Dutch microbiologist and botanist (b. 1851)
  • 1933 - Harriet Brooks, Canadian physicist (b. 1876)
  • 1940 - Panuganti Lakshminarasimha Rao, Indian writer and essayist (b. 1865)
  • 1944 - Charles Turner (cricketer), Australian cricketer (b. 1862)
  • 1953 - Hank Williams, American singer (b. 1923)
  • 1958 - Edward Weston, American photographer (b.
    
    

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